RESUMO
Abstract Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at examining the literature regarding the effects of resistance training (RT) on blood pressure (BP) in postmenopausal women. Methods: The Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and BVS databases were accessed by two independent reviewers between July 2020, and June 2021 to search for studies that investigated the effects of RT on BP. The eligibility criteria were determined by the PICOT strategy. P: postmenopausal women, I: RT, in which training variables are presented, C: presence of a control group that does not receive any type of intervention, O: BP measured in both groups, at least before and after the intervention, T: randomized controlled trial. For the studies included in the meta-analysis, we calculated the effects sizes based on the net changes in the systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP for a random effect model with a confidence interval of 95% and a statistical significance of p < 0.05. Results: The RT group presented a significantly lower SBP (−7.25 mmHg [95% CI: −14.04, −0.45], p = 0.04), while DBP was not statistically significantly different compared to controlled conditions (−2.54 mmHg [95% CI: −5.52, 0.44], p = 0.09). Conclusions: Physically-inactive postmenopausal women who did not take hormone replacement but performed RT exercise had a lower BP value when compared to the control group.
RESUMO
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do exercício prévio específico sobre o desempenho em teste intermitente de alta intensidade em jogadoras de futsal e variáveis associadas. Para isso 13 jogadoras amadoras de futsal (24,1 anos; 63,6 kg; 1,61 m; IMC = 24,3 kg/m2 ; % de gordura = 27,9), de maneira cruzada, passaram por duas sessões experimentais separadas por sete dias. Em uma das sessões era realizado um exercício prévio (EP): três primeiros níveis do Yo Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1) repetidos por três vezes. Na sessão controle (CON), as jogadoras permaneciam em repouso (5 min) e após, em ambas as sessões, era realizado o YYIR1 até a exaustão. Antes do início da sessão eram reportadas escalas de recuperação e dor muscular de início tardio, a frequência cardíaca (FC) foi monitorada por toda sessão e, ao término, a percepção de esforço (PSE) era registrada. As percepções de recuperação (p = 0,23) e de dor (p = 0,36) não diferiram entre as sessões EP vs. CON. A FC média durante o exercício prévio foi de 111,3 ± 7,7 bpm. A distância percorrida no YYIR1 não diferiu (p = 0,25) também entre EP (372,3 ± 103,8 m) vs. CON (341,5 ± 84,2 m), bem como a monitoração da FC (mínima, média e máxima). Entretanto, a PSE foi menor (p = 0,0008) na sessão EP (8,5 ± 0,7 UA) do que em CON (9,3 ± 0,6 UA). Assim, concluímos que o exercício prévio não influencia o desempenho intermitente de alta intensidade (YYIR1), nem as variáveis de FC. Porém, o exercício prévio gera menores níveis de percepção de esforço (intensidade interna) em comparação ao repouso antes do YYIR1. (AU)
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of specific prior exercise on performance in intermittent high intensity testing in futsal players and associated variables. For this, 13 amateur futsal players (24.1 years old; 63.6 kg; 1.61 m; BMI = 24.3 kg / m2; fat% = 27.9), in a crossed way, went through two experimental sessions separated by seven days. In one of the sessions, a previous exercise (PE) was performed: the first three levels of the Yo Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1) repeated three times. In the control session (CON), the players remained at rest (5 min) and afterwards, in both sessions, YYIR1 was performed until exhaustion. Before the start of the session, recovery scales and late-onset muscle pain were reported, the heart rate (HR) was monitored throughout the session and, at the end, the perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded. The perceptions of recovery (p = 0.23) and pain (p = 0.36) did not differ between the PE vs CON. The average HR during the previous exercise was 111.3 ± 7.7 bpm. The distance covered in YYIR1 did not differ (p = 0.25) also between PE (372.3 ± 103.8 m) vs. CON (341.5 ± 84.2 m), as well as HR monitoring (minimum, average and maximum). However, the RPE was lower (p = 0.0008) in the PE session (8.5 ± 0.7 AU) than in CON (9.3 ± 0.6 AU). Thus, we conclude that the previous exercise does not influence the intermittent high intensity performance (YYIR1), nor the HR variables. However, previous exercise generates lower levels of perceived exertion (internal intensity) compared to resting before YYIR1. (AU)